MUC1 (Mucin 1)
MUC1 (Mucin 1)
- Used for: Breast cancer, ovarian cancer, pancreatic cancer.
- Why it’s good: Overexpression of MUC1 is seen in many cancers, making it a broad biomarker.
- Limitation: It can be elevated in non-cancerous conditions as well.
Prostate-Specific Antigen (PSA) is a widely used cancer biomarker, particularly for prostate cancer (PCa). While it has transformed prostate cancer screening and monitoring, it also has notable limitations. Here’s a…
HER2/neu (Human Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor 2) A Critical Biomarker in Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment HER2/neu, commonly called HER2, is a protein found on the surface of certain cells…
Carbohydrate antigen 72-4 (CA72-4) is a tumor-associated glycoprotein frequently studied as a biomarker for cancer, particularly gastric and gynecological malignancies. Here’s a detailed overview based on current research: Overview and…
Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) Antigen: A Key Marker in Cancer Biology The Thomsen–Friedenreich (TF) antigen, also known as CD176, is a simple two‑sugar structure (galactose + N‑acetylgalactosamine) normally hidden on healthy cells….
EGFR (Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor)
Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) is a protein normally produced by the fetal liver and yolk sac during development. In adults, AFP levels are usually very low, so an elevated AFP can be…